Fundamental Equilibrium Concepts
This set of lessons elucidates the principles by which one may forecast the equilibrium position and the resultant yield of a chemical process under prescribed circumstances. Furthermore, it demonstrates the methods by which the conditions of a reaction may be modified to augment or diminish said yield, and provides the means to evaluate how a system in equilibrium shall respond to external disturbances.
Chemical Equilibria
By the end of this section, the pupil shall be able to: Render an account of the essential nature of systems in equilibrium. Elucidate the dynamic character of a chemical equilibrium.
Equilibrium Constants
Upon completion of this section, the pupil shall be able to: Derive the reaction quotients from such chemical equations as represent both homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions. Calculate the values pertaining to reaction quotients and equilibrium constants, employing the measures of concentration and pressure. Relate the magnitude of an equilibrium constant to the inherent properties of the chemical system.
Shifting Equilibria: Le Châtelier’s Principle
Upon completion of this section, the pupil shall be able to: Enumerate the diverse manners in which a state of equilibrium may be subjected to stress. Forecast the response of a stressed equilibrium by the application of Le Châtelier’s principle.
Equilibrium Calculations
Upon completion of this section, the pupil shall be able to: Formulate equations representing the variations in concentration and pressure for chemical species within systems in equilibrium. Employ the methods of algebra to execute diverse forms of equilibrium calculations.