Gases in Chemistry
A comprehensive series of lessons covering the fundamental properties of gases, including pressure measurements, gas mixtures, stoichiometry, and the ideal gas law. Extending principles to non-ideal gas behaviour in chemical reactions.
Gas Pressure
By the conclusion of this section, the pupil shall find themselves equipped to: Render a precise definition of the physical property known as pressure. Define and perform conversions with accuracy among the various units of pressure measurement. Expound upon the operation of the common instruments employed for the measurement of gas pressure. Calculate the pressure of a gas predicated upon data derived from the manometer.
Relating Pressure, Volume, Amount, and Temperature: The Ideal Gas Law
By the conclusion of this section, the pupil shall find themselves equipped to: Identify the mathematical relationships between the various properties of gases. Use the ideal gas law, and related gas laws, to compute the values of various gas properties under specified conditions.
Stoichiometry of Gaseous Substances, Mixtures, and Reactions
By the conclusion of this section, the pupil shall find themselves able to: Use the ideal gas law to compute gas densities and molar masses. Perform stoichiometric calculations involving gaseous substances. State Dalton’s law of partial pressures and use it in calculations involving gaseous mixtures
Effusion and Diffusion of Gases
By the conclusion of this section, the pupil shall find themselves able to: Define and explain the phenomena of effusion and diffusion. State Graham’s law and employ the same to compute relevant gas properties.
The Kinetic-Molecular Theory
By the conclusion of this section, the pupil shall find themselves able to: State the postulates of the kinetic-molecular theory. Use the postulates of this theory to explain the gas laws.
Non-Ideal Gas Behavior
By the conclusion of this section, the pupil shall find themselves able to: Describe the physical factors that lead to deviations from ideal gas behaviour. Explain how these factors are represented in the van der Waals equation. Define compressibility (Z) and describe how its variation with pressure reflects non-ideal behaviour. Quantify non-ideal behaviour by comparing computations of gas properties using the ideal gas law and the van der Waals equation.