Transition Metals and Coordination Chemistry
The manifold properties manifested by the transition metals are attributable to the intricate constitution of their valence shells. In contradistinction to the majority of the representative metals, wherein a singular state of oxidation is commonly remarked, the structural arrangement of the valence shells in transition elements permits their occurrence in several distinct and stable states of oxidation. Furthermore, the electronic transitions within these elements are frequently commensurate with the absorption of photons from the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum, thereby giving rise to the formation of coloured compounds. By virtue of these characteristic behaviours, the transition metals display a chemistry that is both abundant in variety and of profound scientific interest.
Properties of Transition Metals
By the conclusion of this section, the pupil shall find themselves rendered capable to: Outline the general methods of procedure for the isolation of the transition metals from their respective natural sources. Describe the physical and chemical properties characteristically exhibited by the transition metals. Identify the simple classes of compounds formed by these transition elements and describe the chemical properties inherent to such substances.
Coordination Chemistry of Transition Metals
By the conclusion of this section, the pupil shall find themselves rendered capable to: List the defining characteristics and essential traits of those substances known as coordination compounds. Describe the molecular structures of complexes containing both monodentate and polydentate ligands. Employ the established rules of standard nomenclature for the purpose of naming coordination compounds in a systematic manner. Explain, with the provision of suitable examples, the phenomena of geometric and optical isomerism. Identify several instances wherein coordination compounds occur within the natural world or find application in technological processes.
Properties of Coordination Compounds
By the conclusion of this section, the pupil shall find themselves rendered capable to: Outline the fundamental premises and theoretical foundations of the Crystal Field Theory. Identify the specific molecular geometries associated with the diverse patterns of d-orbital splitting. Predict the electronic configurations of split d orbitals for selected transition metal atoms or ions. Explain the spectral and magnetic properties of coordination complexes in terms of Crystal Field concepts.