The Metrology Section
Below you will find a list of sections leading to their respective subsections, each related to a specific metrology topic. If you are new to metrology, we strongly recommend visiting the first publication (Introduction to Metrology).
Introduction to Metrology
Follow this link and you will be directed to the general metrology publication. The article contains several sections: an introduction to metrology, standardisation and the scientific approach, precision and rules for fine metrological units, and the systematisation used in modern metrology.
Length
The lengths units section presents you a wide range of units from the historical perspective, starting from the Sumerian civilisation to units like the metre and the foot we are using today. Each civilisation or epoch possesses its own unit systems and requires comparative explanation, which we provide for them (comparative rates to other length units, e.g. imperial foot in cm or Sumerian cubit to Roman pes).
Weight
The weight units page, navigate to the section by clicking here. The page lists all units of weight ever used by humans along their history, known to us today, from the Sumerian civilisation to modernity.
Volume
When we are shopping nowadays, all goods are packed and bagged into standardised shapes and forms, and we can read the inscription directly on the packaging. There we may find the volume (e.g. 4 gallons on a milk carton or 1 litre on a bottle of solvent), and all of these units were invented and standardised. This set of articles will show you all historically ordered units of volume used by each civilization from antiquity to present days.
Area
From the sunrise of humanity, societies were concerned with the territories they inhabited, the areas they controlled, and the estimation of the land that belonged to them. This collection of publications guides you, civilization by civilization, through the earliest archaeologically attested records of area-measurement units used by humanity, all the way to modern units and contemporary measurement technologies.
Time & Calendar
An amazing collection describing humanity’s practices of time evaluation — from the Sumerian calendar and the time-counting techniques of the Inca civilization to modern atomic technologies used for time-flow measurement and standardization, including current astrophysical approaches to evaluating unstable time intervals and relativistic effects.
Temperature
Here you will find all units related to temperature measurement techniques, used by humanity from the earliest historical records to the present day.
Specific & Scientific Units
This is a collection of publications presenting all units related to physical measurements, including Mechanics (force, energy, pressure, torque), Electricity and Magnetism, Optics and Radiation, Thermodynamics, and Frequency and Waves. Chemical Units: Concentration (molarity, molality, ppm, ppb), pH, Reaction-based units, Chemical quantities, etc. Environmental Metrology: Atmospheric pressure, Humidity, Air quality, Radiation background, Environmental energy/heat units, etc.