Constructivism
Constructivist psychology views perception and cognition as interpretive processes through which learners actively construct meaning. It informs teaching methodologies that emphasise learner-driven exploration, contextual problem-solving, and the creation of personally meaningful artefacts, rather than the application of standardised instructional patterns.
Constructivism: Assumptions and Perspectives
Lesson topics: Overview; Perspectives; Situated Cognition; Contributions and Applications.
Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development
Discussion topics: Developmental Processes; Implications for Instruction.
Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory
Basic principles of Vygotsky's theory: Background; Basic Principles; Zone of Proximal Development; Applications; Critique.
Private Speech and Socially Mediated Learning
This lesson consists of: Private Speech; Verbalisation and Achievement; Socially Mediated Learning; Self-regulation.
Motivation
Motivation background: Contextual Factors; Implicit Theories; Teachers’ Expectations.
Constructivist Learning Environments
Conceptual discrepancy alignment: Key Features; APA Learner-Centred Principles.
Constructivism: Instructional Applications
Section summary: Discovery Learning; Inquiry Teaching; Peer-assisted Learning; Discussions and Debates; Reflective Teaching.